Third son of the Conservative Prime Minister, Lord Salisbury. Private secretary to his father (1886-1888); elected as Conservative MP for East Marylebone (1906-1910); worked for the Red Cross during the First World War; Assistant Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (1918); Minister of Blockade (1916-1918); adviser on League of Nations issues to Britain's delegation at the Paris peace conference (1919); President, League of Nations Union (1923-1945); Lord Privy Seal (1923-1924), then Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (1924-1927) while also minister responsible for League affairs; awarded Nobel Peace Prize for 1937.